Sim's Electrical Companion
Building Regulations
PART A- Structure
This document is split into three sections:
A1 – Loading
The building should be so constructed that it can support its expected loading including expected storage of materials, equipment and furniture. Loading includes resistance to expected wind speeds for the buildings location.
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A2 – Ground movement
The building should be so constructed so that land movement will not impair the stability of the building. This includes shrinkage, freezing, land slip and subsidence.
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A3 – Disproportionate collapse
The building should be so constructed that any damage to the building will not cause a collapse that is disproportionate to the cause.
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Approaching this from an electrician’s perspective any work that is done by the electrician must not negatively affect the buildings structure. When installing electrical systems the fabric of the building is affected by an electricians work. This may be chases into walls or notches and holes drilled into joists and other structural timber work. There is guidance on how this may be accomplished without contravening the building regulations.
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Another consideration is loading. When installing electrical equipment it must be ascertained that the building fabric can take additional loads for example photovoltaic panels on a roof or additional pieces of plant.
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When wiring systems are retrofitted the structure must not be compromised during or after the installation. If necessary temporary supports should be employed until the building fabric has been restored and stabilised.
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Chasing out load bearing walls
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Specific guidance on chases into structural brick/block-work include:
All horizontal chases must not be more than 1/6th of the wall thickness
All Vertical chases must not be more than 1/3rd of the wall thickness
Care should be taken to ensure that the opposite side of where the case is planed has not been reduced in size for any reason like an existing chased circuit.
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Most commonly in domestic and light commercial buildings bricks and blocks are 100mm thick. If the wall is a single skin then horizontal chases should be no more than 16mm and vertical chases should not be more than 33mm deep.
This may mean an alternative route should be taken if this is too shallow to bury the intended cables.
Notches and holes in Structural Timbers
It is common to run cables above ceilings and below floors. This is an accepted method of installation but the work must not reduce the structural stability of the floor/ceiling. Wiring systems may be attached to roofing timbers but may not pass through them of be notched into them. The diagram below shows some common roof timbers.
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The same applies to a trussed roof. The trusses will have been chosen for the loading of the roof covering and expected wind loading. These timbers are not to be notched or drilled to install a wiring system.
In the diagram the only timbers that may be notched or drilled are the joists. Rafters, Purlins, Collars and other structural parts of the roof should not be affected by the electrical installation.
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Additionally the roof timbers may not be used to mount electrical equipment other than lightweight wiring. To intentionally add loading to an existing roof will require contact with the local authority to determine if planning is required or if the installation comes under permitted development like 9m2 of PV panels.
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Even if the installation comes under permitted development advice should be sought from a structural engineer to determine if the roof timbers need any additions to support the extra load. If there is a requirement to change the roof structure planning permission may be required.
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Drilling & Notching Joists
Notching is permitted but in a restricted range. The notch may not be deeper than 0.125 x the depth of the joist.
Example if the joist was 150mm the notch should be less than:
150 x 0.125 = 18.75mm
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The notch must be within a range of 0.07 and 0.25 x the length or span of the joist. If the joist was 6m then the notch could be cut from either end within: 6000 x 0.07 = 420mm & 6000 x 0.25 = 1500mm
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Drilling is permitted and the size and location is clearly set out in the building regulations. The hole size may not be more than 0.25 x the depth of the joist.
Example: A 100mm joist the maximum size would be: 100 x 0.25 = 25mm
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As with notching the location of the hole is also specified the hole should be in the centre of the joist and within 0.25 and 0.4 x the span. If the joist was 6m then the hole could be drilled from either end within:
6000 x 0.25 = 1500mm & 6000x 0.4 = 2400mm
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Additional holes need to be 3x the drill diameter away from each other. So a 20mm hole would need 60mm clearance before another hole could be drilled.
PART B - Fire Safety
All new and public buildings (excluding prisons) must have a means of early warning in the case of fire and a means of escape to a refuge point that is safely away from the building. The amount and types of escape route should be determined based on the type and use of the building.
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If a dwelling* that does not have a fire detection system is rented out it needs to have a system retro fitted to comply with The Smoke and Carbon Monoxide Alarm (England) Regulations 2015. It is not legal to let a property without a fire detection and alarm system.
BS 5389 - Fire detection and fire alarm systems for buildings defines types of detection and alarms are categorised by the type of system and installed components:
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Grade A
Separate detectors, sounders and central control and indicating equipment with back-up power supply.
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Grade C
Separate detectors & sounders that are mains powered with back-up power supply and control panel.
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Grade D1
One or more mains powered detectors, each with a tamper
proof standby supply.
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Grade D2
One or more powered detectors, each with an integral standby battery back up
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Grade F1
A system of one or more battery-powered detectors powered by a tamper‑proof primary battery or batteries.
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Grade F2
A system of one or more battery-powered detectors powered by a user‑replaceable primary battery or batteries.
The amount and location of detectors and sounders will be dependant upon the legal requirements for the building type. The categories are LD1, LD2 and LD3.
LD 1
The highest level of protection all areas of the building that could be occupied must have smoke or heat detection. This includes lofts, bedrooms, receptions, kitchens, escape routes, attached out buildings like garages or conservatories. The only areas that do not require protection are toilets, showers and bathrooms. It is recommended that workshops, garages and kitchens be on heat detection to prevent accidental activation. LD1 is specified for houses of multiple occupancy, hostels, hotels, public buildings, & new sheltered housing.
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LD 2
Additional Protection - Escape routes and high risk habited areas including areas with a source of ignition e.g. kitchens. Bedrooms and garages need not be individually covered. This is the minimum standard for rented properties (existing or new build). Kitchens should be on rate of rise or heat alarm to prevent accidental activation when cooking. Existing sheltered housing and HMO's may be LD2 but when the system is up for renewal LD1 should be installed. Owner occupied new build properties with two or three storey are to be installed to LD2.
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LD3
The lowest level of protection - requirements are to install fire detectors in escape routes only like hallways and landings. All new dwellings are to be installed to at least to LD3 Note: This minimum category only applies to bungalows, flats or an small house that is occupied only by the home owner. Rented accommodation requires upgrading of the fire protection system.
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Interlinks
Alarms should all be interlinked this may be achieved by radio link, wireless or wired methods. The purpose it to have all sounders operate during an activation. In circulation spaces like stairwells there should be at least one detector per storey.
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Requirements for domestic properties
Generally in domestic premises the fire detection circuit will be fed by a lighting circuit. The thinking behind this is you will notice if the lights do not work but maybe not notice that the detectors are not being supplied. The detectors should have a back up battery / capacitor so they can still operate in the case of a loss of main supply.
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In small or average sized homes there is not requirement for the supply or like cable to be protected against fire as the batteries will act as back up during the activation. Large homes and other property types must have segregated cables that are fire resistant. Large homes should also be a minimum of LD2 grade A equipment.
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Installation Requirements of fire protection equipment
Detectors must be fitted in a position that will detect the smoke at the earlies opportunity. They must not be fitted close to the corners of rooms or close to light fittings. A minimum of 300mm clearance is required. Don't fit detectors near devices that are intentioned to create heat or move air. Be sure to install in a location that is accessible and not likely to suffer mechanical damage.
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Resistance to the spread of fire
Electricians as well as all other trades are responsible for maintaining the buildings fabric to resist the spread of fire. When equipment and cables are installed they must the cable entries must be sealed with a material that offers the same or superior fire resistance. Sockets and switch plates are not allowed to sited back to back on a wall as this would reduce the fire resistance at this part of the wall creating a weak spot as shown in the diagram.
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Cable entries can be sealed with intumescent sealant which is non flame propagating. Inspection hatches cut for cable runs need to be repaired with the same or a higher performance material.
* Dwelling - A building in which a person or persons reside and sleep in.
Heaters and heat producing equipment
Placement of heating appliances must be to manufacturers' instructions and consideration of location to ensure that the appliance cannot be damaged by the environment and the building fabric cannot be damaged by the heat producing appliance.
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Downlights
Downlights need to be installed so they are not in contact with any flammable part of the building fabric. If the down-lighter is not fire rated it may be made so by installing a fire proof hood in the ceiling to prevent scorching.
Consumer units
Since the 17th edition amendment 3 consumer units need to be made from non flame propagating material or installed within a non flame propagating box.
PART C- Site Preparation and Resistance to Contaminants and moisture
Part C - Building Regulations - Site Preparation & Resistance to Contaminants & Moisture
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Similar to Document B an electrician is required to seal all cable entries to a building from outside and from any internal sources of water e.g. a shower, immersion heater, pumps, boilers etc.
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Cables that are run into external walls must be sealed by a method that will last the expected lifetime of the electrical installation. Methods include using sand and cement, external frame sealants or fabricated cable entry cowls as shown in the illustration on the right.
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It is not uncommon for telecommunications cables and even electrical supply cables to be supported overhead and entering the building at height. This is usually supported by a catenary wire to take the weight of the cable. A method needs to be employed to stop water tracking down the cable a simple method on flexible cables is to have a drip loop and allow gravity to do the rest. (See below)
On less flexible cables an IP rated watertight seal will need to be used.
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Any accessories that are installed externally must also be IP rated (Ingress / International Protection). Most manufacturers produce external glands and enclosures to IP 65 or higher for external use.
Cables that penetrate a Damp proof membrane (DPM) or a damp proof course (DPC) will need to be sealed to prevent ground water entering the building.
Methods include using a pourable sealant or correctly sized IP rated skirt sealed around the cable. If possible make the cable entry above the DPM or DPC layer.
PART D - Toxic Substances
Building Regulations Part D - Toxic Substances
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Not generally the realm for electricians. The regulations are in place to ensure toxic substances or gases cannot enter a building. The main concern is urea formaldehyde foam used in cavity insulation. This may also be flue gases or other gases from outside.
If an electrician were to make holes in the fabric of the building the requirement is to make good the gaps with a suitably fire and moisture resistant material.
PART E - Resistance to the Passage of Sound
Building Regulations Part E - Resistance to the passage of sound
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The regulations are in place to ensure sound from neighbours or from adjacent rooms or corridors is kept to minimum. Fill gaps in the fabric of the building. The requirement is to make good the gaps with a suitably fire resistant material. Where back boxes are cut in they may not be placed back to back.
The use of fire hoods or enclosed down-lights & insulating material will satisfy maintaining suitable resistance to the passage of sound as shown in the illustration.
One area that needs consideration is the use of trunking or ducting that passes through an acoustic barrier. The effects of vibration should be limited by ensuring the trunking is sealed and securely fastened. The use of fire pillows as shown in the cable tray illustration (right) will help resist the passage of sound as well as fire.
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The requirements are not applicable to internal walls that contain doors or are separating an en suite toilet from its associated bedroom.
PART F - Ventilation
These regulations require new dwellings and non-domestic buildings to have adequate ventilation. Without adequate ventilation buildings suffer from rot, black spot mould and sick building syndrome.
These can affect the life span of the building, increase maintenance costs and affect the physical health of the buildings occupiers.
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Four systems are specified three of which require electrical connections to be made.
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System 1 - Background Ventilators and Intermittent Fans
Essentially there are windows that can allow air flow and the addition of fans for occasional extract in toilets, kitchens or wash-rooms. This is the most common domestic scenario for ventilation in UK homes. The minimum extract rates for new build dwelling is in the table below.
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System 2 - Passive Stack Ventilation
This is simply a large pipe with no fans that takes air from toilets, kitchens or wash-rooms out of the property at roof level. The system relies on simple thermodynamics to work. Ventilation is via windows, extract is via windows and the passive stacks.
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System 3 - Continuous Mechanical Extract
Similar to passive stack except the system has a fan that is continually running extracting air for served locations. This would be installed in areas where continual air extract is require for example a laundry or drying room.
System 4 - Continuous Mechanical Extract with Heat Recovery
Similar to continuous mechanical extract but the heat that would be vented is saved by a heat exchanger which can then be used for heating or hot water.
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For extract rates and methods of installation manufacturers instructions should be followed and specification should be conducted by a skilled and instructed person. If a home is being renovated and there is no existing powered ventilation there is no requirement to install one. If the home being renovated and does have a powered ventilation system it should be maintained with a system that offers the same or higher level of extraction.
PART L - Conservation of Fuel & Power
Approved Document L1A L1B - Conservation of Fuel and Power in Dwellings
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This document is split into two parts L1A New dwellings and L1B Existing dwellings. The document regards efficiency in electrical lighting and heating systems. All new installations should use no more fuel or power than is reasonable to light and heat a new dwelling. The heating systems covered include electrical fires, Boilers, underfloor heating, heat pumps and combined heat and power generators (CHP).
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75% of the fixed internal lighting need to be energy efficient. The minimum to be considered energy efficient is 45 lumens/watt. Which rules out large wattage incandescent lamps and halogen lights. The most common choice is compact fluorescent lamps (CFL) or Light Emitting Diodes (LED). LED is by far the most efficient and the colour range is now very good compared to the not too distant past. Note Compact fluorescents are being phased out.
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New installations of outdoor may not be more than 100W per fitting as opposed to the old 150W halogens that were commonly used for this task (pictured right). Outdoor domestic lights must have a daylight sensor or suitable timer to ensure lights are off in daylight.
General Lighting Standard Lamps (GLS) or incandescent lamps along with Tungsten halogen lamps do not meet the standard. 100W Bayonet Cap (BC) and Edison Screw (ES) types are no longer produced in the UK. They are, however, still available to buy from other countries.
Electric Boilers Serving Wet Central Heating Systems
The standard sets out the minimum requirements in order to comply with required levels of energy efficiency. For a new dwelling the system needs to be fully pumped. The boiler must have flow temperature control and be able to ramp down or turn off when there is no demand. The boiler and pump should be turned off automatically at the same time when there is no demand.
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Dwellings up to 150m2 must have two zones with independent temperature control. Dwellings over 150m2 must have at least two zones with independent timers and temperature control to prevent heating zones that may be unoccupied for large portions of the day e.g. bedrooms. The zones do not need to be applied to single storey flats, bungalows or maisonettes in which the living area is ≥70% of the properties total floor area. A room thermostat or programmable thermostat should be installed in the main room that is being controlled.
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Space and water heating should be on separate timers. Hot water cylinders should have provision for two immersion heaters one connected to lower tariff economy electricity that can be used to heat the tank at night when demand is at its lowest.
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If an entire heating system is being replaced it must be installed to these standards or higher. Replacement of individual components of an existing system may be done like for like.
Electric heaters that are not boilers
This includes Combined Heat & Power generators (CHP), electrical fires, underfloor heating and heat pumps. They all must have a method of time and temperature control. The zoning rules are the same as for electric boilers. Electric storage heaters must be able to reduce their input charge based on their temperature to prevent overheating and wasteful use of electricity. They also must have temperature and time controls either integral or external of the unit.
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Thermal Insulation
Passive insulation has the potential to cause fires or degradation of electrical services. Any cables that are in thermal insulation should have at least one side touching the building fabric. Any down lights that are installed and are covered by thermal insulation must be rated and designed for that method of installation.
PART M - Access to and use of Buildings
Modern buildings must take into account accessibility of all of the building services. This applies to all electrical accessories that are to be operated by non technical persons within the building. All general accessories need to be installed between 450mm and 1200mm from finished floor level. This includes sockets, communications outlets, aerial sockets, door entry, security panels, light switches etc.
Most importantly the consumer unit must be accessible also. On a rewire this may require the electrician to relocate the board from less accessible place e.g. under the stairs.
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No part of the electrical installation should be restricting access or creating obstacles in corridors or exits. Any cable runs in corridors must be in steel containment or secured with metal or non-flammable fastenings.
PART P - Electrical Safety, Dwellings
Part P applies to low voltage and extra low voltage in dwellings. A dwelling is a location where a person or persons reside and sleep. Dwellings include Flats, Maisonettes, Houses, Public houses or businesses with living accommodation sharing the same meter. Part P does not apply to lift shafts that serve residential buildings or business premises with an independent meter.
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The requirements of Part P are considered to be met if the electrical installation fully complies with the current standard of BS7671. In the case of departures they must meet or exceed the currently accepted standard.
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The local authority (Building Control) need to be informed about notifiable electrical work to ensure it meets the standards. As building control may not be specialists in electrical work the preference is for the installer to be part of a scheme provider that will notify on their behalf. Scheme providers check the installers work on a regular basis and check on the competencies of all their operatives.
Example scheme providers are:
NAPIT National Association of Professional Inspectors and Testers
NICEIC National Inspections Council for Electrical Installations Contracts
ELECSA Brand name not an acronym
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Note that special locations are not the same for building regulations compared with BS7671. Part P is solely for areas that are designated to be higher risk that may be attached to a residential property or share the same consumer unit as a dwelling.
The Building Regulations Special Locations & Installations are:
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Locations Containing a Spa, Bath, Pool or Fountain
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Swimming Pools & Paddling Pools
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Rooms & Cabins Containing a Sauna Heater
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Garden Lighting and Power Installations
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Electric Floor or Ceiling Heating Systems
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Photovoltaic Installations
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Micro Generation Plants e.g. Turbines, Mills, CHP etc.
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Non Pre assembled Extra Low Voltage Lighting Systems
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Upon completion of notifiable work the client should be provided with:
A test certificate and appropriate schedules of testing & Inspection
A Certificate from the local authority (Building Control) certifying the completion of the electrical work
A Building regulations compliance certificate issued by and appropriate scheme provider.
PART R - Physical Infrastructure for High Speed Electronic Communication Networks
The requirements of Part R are that new builds should be capable of connecting to a gigabit connected network. This equates to broadband internet speeds of over 1000 Mega bits per second.
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This is mostly achieved through the massively improved fibre network. The method of delivery must be fibre to premises (FTTP) to achieve 1000Mb/s. Where the connection is part copper through an exchange cabinet (FTTC) the speed is drastically reduced to about 80MB/s.
All new buildings and existing building undergoing major restorative work should be provided with an access point for high speed data communications. Broadband communications are part of the modern way of life and the building should have facility for this provision.
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The access point for a small dwelling may be a simple duct going to a single connection point on the interior of the building. In the case of a block of flats they should all be served with at least one access point per dwelling. It is not a requirement to provide any further network cables beyond the main access point.
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Buildings that are exempt from this requirement are:
Sheds, conservatories, summer houses that do not have sleeping accommodation, Isolated buildings in rural areas that are unlikely to be served by wired internet connections, monuments, garages and listed buildings where the implementation would physically alter the building in breach of the listing.
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Schedule 2 - Exempt Buildings and Work
This Schedule outlines what buildings are not required to comply with the building regulations. These buildings are still subject to regulation but they are covered by their own regulations dependant upon the building type.
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The schedule is split into seven classes of building:
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Class 1: Buildings covered by other legislation
Includes monuments, architectural sites nuclear facilities and buildings for the storing of or manufacturing of explosives.
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Class 2: Buildings not frequented by people
Includes buildings containing plant or machinery that is rarely inspected for maintenance purposes.
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Class 3: Greenhouses and agricultural buildings (includes horticultural, plant growing and fish farming)
Includes buildings in this class that are NOT used for retailing, packing or exhibiting.
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Class 4: Temporary buildings
Erected for no more than 28 days.
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Class 5: Ancillary buildings
Building not used for sleeping accommodation on building sites, demolition sites, civil engineering sites mines or quarries.
e.g. site offices, showrooms and temporary welfare facilities.
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Class 6 : Small detached buildings
Non-combustible single storey with no sleeping facilities <30m2.
Emergency bomb, chemical or radiation shelters <30m2
or a building less than 15m2 with no sleeping accommodation
e.g. a shed or cycle store.
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Class 7: Extensions
Conservatories, porches carport (open on two sides) or covered yard at ground level not
exceeding 30m2.. Conservatories or porches do need to comply with Schedule 1 Part N - Glazing.
Schedule 3 - Self Certification Schemes and Requirements to Give Building Notice or Deposit full Plans
This gives clarification on what works can be self certified if the person or company is part of a recognised scheme. This means the construction work can be done without prior notice to building control as the scheme member will be aware of how their work is governed by the requirements of the building regulations.
Example scheme providers are:
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NICEIC - National Inspections Council for Electrical Installations Contracting
NAPIT - National Association of Professional Inspectors and Testers
ELECSA - Brand name
MCS - Microgeneration Certification Scheme
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Note an MCS certificate is not a mandatory requirement it is however a sign that the company that installed it adheres to the MCS standards and is an indicator of compliance and quality.
Members of a scheme will be subject to periodic checks on their contracting work and company policies.
The scheme provider will contact the local authority on your behalf and get a building works certificate completed for the client.
Schedule 4 - Descriptions of work where no Building Notice or Deposit of Full Plans Required
Electrical work that does not involve the installation of an entirely new circuit or a consumer unit may not need to be notifiable. Many additions or alterations to electrical services are considered to be minor works and are not notifiable to building control.
Examples of work that can be covered by a Minor Electrical Installation Works Certificate (MEIWC) and does not need to be notified are:
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Replacement of a faulty cable or like for like accessory that is not a heating appliance
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Repairing an enclosure providing the earthing arrangement is unaffected
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Adding mechanical protection, bonding or supplementary bonding
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Addition of lighting points to an existing circuit
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Addition of a power point to an existing circuit
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Work is notifiable if it is in special location as determined by the electrical regulations BS 7671 or a Kitchen (which is not treated as a special location in the electrical regulations however it is by the building regulations). BS 7671
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Special locations include:
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702 - Swimming Pools and Other Basins
703 - Rooms and Cabins Containing Sauna Heaters
704 - Construction & Demolition Site Installations
705 - Agricultural & Horticultural Premises
706 - Conducting Locations with Restricted Movement
708 - Electrical Installations in Caravan / Camping Parks or Similar Locations
709 - Marinas & Similar Locations
710 - Medical Locations
711 - Exhibitions Shows and Stands
712 - Solar Photovoltaic (PV) Power Supply Systems
714 - Outdoor Lighting Installations
715 - Extra-Low Voltage Lighting Installations
717 - Mobile or Transportable Units
721 - Electrical Installations in Caravans and Motor Caravans
722 - Electrical Vehicle Charging Installations
729 - Operating & Maintenance Gangways
730 - Onshore units of electrical shore connections for inland navigation vessels
740 - Temporary Electrical Installations for Structures
753 - Heating Cables and Embedded Heating Systems
Schedule 5 - Has been Revoked and been replaced by The energy Performance of Buildings (England & Wales) Regulations 2012
Schedule 6 Change of use of a building
Regards the change of use of a building. If extensive work is being carried out the building must meet the criteria for the type of building it is to become and not reduce the structural strength or energy performance of the building in a negative way.
The building must comply with schedule 1 and any specific requirements based on the buildings new purpose.
Regulation 7 - Materials & Workmanship
The main purpose of this section is to make it clear that proper workmanship and materials must be used for any building work by any trade type.
In the electrical regulations BS 7671 there is a specific regulation regarding electrical work:
Regulation 134.1.1 states:
'Good workmanship by one or more skilled or instructed persons and proper materials shall be used in the erection of the electrical installation. The installation of electrical equipment shall take account of manufacturers' instructions.'
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The Specific Building Regulation states:
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'Materials and Workmanship
7 (1) Building work should be carried out
a) With adequate and proper materials
i) Are appropriate for the circumstances in which they are used
ii) Are adequately mixed or prepared, and
iii) Are applied, used or fixed so as to adequately perform the function for which they are designed, and
b) In a workman like manner.'
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Adequate and Proper Materials
This can be established by working to a professional specification where the materials have been determined by professionals like registered architects or structural engineers. All installed components must meet a British standard or an acceptable other standard that meets or exceeds the required British Standard. If a material has a CE marking workmanship may be specified in the associated European Technical Assessment or harmonised product standard.
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Assessment of Workmanship
This may be achieved by being part of a certification scheme and having workmanship checked on a regular basis. Application of ISO 8000 standards for buiding methods should be used and to determine that this is being implemented appropriately can be done by application of the ISO 9000 standards - Quality Management.
ISO 8000 & EN 9000 / 9001
Methods of achieving compliance with Approved document 7 with regards to workmanship may be achieved by following the British Standard 8000 series. These are Codes of practice are more for construction personnel than electricians per se. Electricians affect the building fabric in their work so some knowledge of the standards is beneficial.
BS 8000 Codes of practice and workmanship on building sites in 17 parts:
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1. Introduction and general principles
2. Excavation
3. Concrete (mixing and transport
4. Masonry
5. Waterproofing
6. Carpentry and joinery
7. Roof tiling and claddings
8. Glazing
9. Plasterboard and dry lining
10. Floor screed
11. Not used
12. Wall and floor tiling
13. Painting and decorating
14. Above ground drainage and sanitary fittings
15. Below ground drainage
16. Domestic hot and cold water services
17. Sealants
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BS EN ISO 9000 - Quality Management Systems Standards
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International Standards Organisation (ISO) 9000 is a collection of Quality Management Systems (QMS). They are designed to keep businesses operating within regulations and improve overall quality of service and usually, when adopted, it is financially beneficial. ISO 9000 has been adopted by countries across the globe. Being registered as an ISO 9000 company is a good way to let you client base know that quality is at the heart of what your company does.
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The series is focused on seven main principles: Customer focus, leadership, engagement of people, process approach, improvement, evidence based decision making & relationship management.
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ISO 9001 - Quality Management System
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ISO 9001 is broken down into ten sections:
Scope, Normative References, Terms & definitions, Context of the organisation, leadership, planning, support, operation, performance evaluation & continual improvement.
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To achieve the requirements of the standard the company’s management, operations and systems are judged by a third party certifier. When companies state they are ISO 9000 compliant they are really being audited on ISO 9001.